A ranar 5 ga watan Nuwamba, 2024, ‘yan Amurka sun fito yi zabe mai mahimmanci don zaben shugaban kasar, inda suke zaune tsakanin dan takarar jam’iyyar Democrat, Kamala Harris, da dan takarar jam’iyyar Republican, Donald Trump. Zaben ta 2024 ta kasance mai karfin gaske, tare da yawan jama’a suna kallon ta duniya baki.
Sistema ta zaben shugaban Amurka tana amfani da Kwalejin Zabe, wadda ba ta dogara ne ga kuri’ar jam’iyyar ta kasa ba. Kowace jiha ta Amurka tana da idanu da aka raba bisa ga wakilinta a majalisar dattawa da wakilai. Jumlar idanuwa a Kwalejin Zabe shine 538, kuma wanda zai lashe zaben ya kamata ya samu kuri’u 270 ko fiye.
Yan zabe a kowace jiha ba sa zabe shugaban kasa kai tsaye, amma suna zabe wakilai wa jiha wadanda zasu zaba shugaban kasa da na jiha. A mafi yawan jihohi, tsarin ‘winner-takes-all’ ne ke aiki, inda wanda ya samu kuri’u mafi yawa a jiha ya samu dukkan idanuwanta. Maine da Nebraska kuma suna da tsarin wakilcin daidaito, inda wanda ya lashe kowace mazabar tarayya ya samu kuri’a daya, sannan wanda ya lashe zabe a matakin jiha ya samu sauran idanuwanta biyu.
Jihohi bakwai, wadanda ake kira ‘battleground states’, suna da mahimmanci wajen kulla zaben. Jihohin sun hada da Arizona, Georgia, Michigan, Nevada, North Carolina, Pennsylvania, da Wisconsin. Wadannan jihohi na iya kawo canji mai mahimmanci a zaben, saboda suna da kuri’u da yawa a Kwalejin Zabe.
Zaben ta 2024 kuma ta hada da zabe mai yawan jama’a, inda ‘yan zabe ke zaban wakilai 435 a majalisar wakilai da kujera 34 a majalisar dattawa. Haka kuma, 11 jihohi za su gudanar da zaben guberanarwa. Sakamakon zaben na iya kashe kwanaki ko makonni, saboda wasu jihohi zasu ci gaba da kuna kuri’u har zuwa Disamba 8, sannan wakilai za su kada kuri’unsu a Disamba 14.
